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Scientists from the University of Nottingham have discovered that drinking a cup of coffee can stimulate 'brown fat', the body's own fat-fighting defenses, which could be the key to tackling obesity and diabetes. 來自諾丁漢大學的科學家們發現，一杯咖啡能夠刺激‘棕色脂肪’。棕色脂肪是身體自身抵抗肥胖的防御物，其可能是對抗肥胖和糖尿病的關鍵。 上海譯銳翻譯 2019-6-27 9:50 a.m. ? dimakp / Adobe Stock The pioneering study, published today in the journal Scientific Reports, is one of the first to be carried out in humans to find components which could have a direct effect on 'brown fat' functions, an important part of the human body which plays a key role in how quickly we can burn calories as energy. 今日發表在《科學報告》中的前沿研究是首個針對人類的研究之一。該研究旨在在人體中發現能夠直接作用于‘棕色脂肪’功能的成分。‘棕色脂肪是人體的一個重要組成部分，其對于我們能以多快速度燃燒卡路里具有關鍵作用。’ Brown adipose tissue (BAT), also known as brown fat, is one of two types of fat found in humans and other mammals. Initially only attributed to babies and hibernating mammals, it was discovered in recent years that adults can have brown fat too. Its main function is to generate body heat by burning calories (opposed to white fat, which is a result of storing excess calories). 棕色脂肪組織（BAT），也被稱為棕色脂肪，是在人類和其他哺乳動物中所發現的兩類脂肪之一。最初棕色脂肪被認為只存在于嬰兒和冬眠類哺乳動物中。近些年的研究發現，成人身體中也有棕色脂肪。其主要功能就是通過燃燒卡路里來產生身體熱量（與白色脂肪不同，白色脂肪是多余卡路里積累的結果）。 People with a lower body mass index (BMI) therefore have a higher amount of brown fat. 因此，體重指數較低的人群其棕色脂肪的含量也更高。 Professor Michael Symonds, from the School of Medicine at the University of Nottingham who co-directed the study said: "Brown fat works in a different way to other fat in your body and produces heat by burning sugar and fat, often in response to cold. Increasing its activity improves blood sugar control as well as improving blood lipid levels and the extra calories burnt help with weight loss. However, until now, no one has found an acceptable way to stimulate its activity in humans. 來自諾丁漢大學醫藥學院的Michael Symonds教授是該研究的聯合指導者之一。他表示：“棕色脂肪會以不同方式作用于其他脂肪并會通過燃燒糖分和脂肪來產生熱量。棕色脂肪通常在寒冷時發揮作用。增加棕色脂肪的作用可以改善血糖控制并改善血脂。而額外燃燒的卡路里則有助于減輕體重。盡管如此，直到現在，還沒有人發現一種能夠刺激其活性的可行辦法。” "This is the first study in humans to show that something like a cup of coffee can have a direct effect on our brown fat functions. The potential implications of our results are pretty big, as obesity is a major health concern for society and we also have a growing diabetes epidemic and brown fat could potentially be part of the solution in tackling them." “這是首個證實類似于咖啡的物質能夠直接對我們的棕色脂肪功能產生影響的研究。研究結果具有非常大的潛在影響，這主要是因為肥胖已經成為社會一大健康問題，同時糖尿病的發病率也在上升。棕色脂肪能夠成為解決這些問題的辦法之一。” The team started with a series of stem cell studies to see if caffeine would stimulate brown fat. Once they had found the right dose, they then moved on to humans to see if the results were similar. 研究團隊首先展開一系列干細胞研究，以查看咖啡因是否能夠刺激棕色脂肪。一旦發現合適的劑量，研究人員就會開展人類研究以查看是否會產生相似的結果。 The team used a thermal imaging technique, which they'd previously pioneered, to trace the body's brown fat reserves. The non-invasive technique helps the team to locate brown fat and assess its capacity to produce heat. 團隊采用此前所首次使用的熱成像技術來追蹤人體內的棕色脂肪儲備。非侵入式的技術可以幫助團隊找到棕色脂肪并評估其產生熱量的能力。 "From our previous work, we knew that brown fat is mainly located in the neck region, so we were able to image someone straight after they had a drink to see if the brown fat got hotter," said Professor Symonds. “通過之前的研究，我們發現，棕色脂肪主要位于頸部，因此我們可以在某人喝下一杯咖啡后立刻對其進行成像，以查看棕色脂肪是否變得更熱了，”Symonds教授表示。 "The results were positive and we now need to ascertain that caffeine as one of the ingredients in the coffee is acting as the stimulus or if there's another component helping with the activation of brown fat. We are currently looking at caffeine supplements to test whether the effect is similar. 結果證明確實如此。現在，我們需要弄清楚咖啡中的咖啡因是否是刺激物或是否咖啡中還有其他成分有助于激活棕色脂肪。我們目前正在查看咖啡因的替代物以測試是否會產生相似的效果。 Once we have confirmed which component is responsible for this, it could potentially be used as part of a weight management regime or as part of glucose regulation programme to help prevent diabetes." 一旦我們確認某種對棕色脂肪產生作用的成分，這一成分就有機會作為體重管理方案的一部分進行使用或作為血糖管理方案的一部分來幫助人們預防糖尿病。 需要了解的詞： Brown fat：棕色脂肪 Brown adipose tissue：棕色脂肪組織 hibernating mammal：冬眠類哺乳動物 body mass index ：體重指數 blood sugar：血糖 blood lipid：血脂 文章來源：科學日報 編輯：Susan