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Jogging and five other exercises ward off weight gain despite 'obesity genes'

即使有‘肥胖基因’，慢跑和其他五項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)也可以幫助遺傳學(xué)肥胖人群避免體重增加

For people who inherited genes that increase their chance of becoming obese, there is hope for keeping the weight off. A study by Wan-Yu Lin of National Taiwan University and colleagues, published 1st August in PLOS Genetics, identified the types of exercise that are especially effective at combating genetic effects that contribute to obesity.

weight gain：體重增加

對于有肥胖基因且變胖幾率會(huì)增加的人，現(xiàn)在已有了避免體重增加的辦法。由國立臺灣大學(xué)的Wan-Yu Lin和其同事所展開的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了幾種對于對抗導(dǎo)致肥胖基因特別有效的運(yùn)動(dòng)類型。該項(xiàng)研究于8月1日發(fā)表于《公共科學(xué)圖書館遺傳學(xué)》（PloS Genetics）。

Worldwide, obesity is a challenging condition to control because it results from interactions between a person's genetics and lifestyle. Doctors often recommend exercise, but it is not clear which kinds are best for curbing weight gain in individuals whose genetics make them more likely to become obese. A new study of 18,424 Han Chinese adults, aged 30 to 70 years, examined the interactions between the individuals' genetics and their self-reported exercise routines. The researchers looked specifically at five measures of obesity, such as body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage and waist-to-hip ratio. They found that regular jogging was the best type of exercise for managing obesity, according to the five measures. Moreover, mountain climbing, walking, power walking, certain types of dancing, and long yoga practices also reduce BMI in individuals predisposed to obesity. Surprisingly, cycling, stretching exercises, swimming and Dance Dance Revolution did not counteract the genetic effects on obesity.

從全世界來看，肥胖都是一個(gè)難以控制的挑戰(zhàn)，這主要是因?yàn)榉逝值脑蚴且粋€(gè)人的遺傳因素和生活方式交互作用的結(jié)果。通常，醫(yī)生會(huì)建議減肥，但是對于有肥胖遺傳且更容易變胖的人而言，他們不清楚到底哪種運(yùn)動(dòng)對于控制體重最為有效。研究人員特別研究了五種肥胖測量指標(biāo)，比如BMI，體脂比以及腰臀比。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，定期慢跑是管理體重的最佳鍛煉方法。此外，登山、散步、快走、某類舞蹈以及長期的瑜伽練習(xí)都會(huì)讓降低易胖體質(zhì)人群的BMI。令人驚訝的是，騎自行車、拉伸運(yùn)動(dòng)、游泳以及跳舞機(jī)對于對抗遺傳性的肥胖不起任何作用。

body fat percentage：體脂比

waist-to-hip ratio.：腰臀比

power walking：快走

dance Dance Revolution：跳舞機(jī)

Overall, the study suggests that when it comes to obesity, genetics are not destiny, and the effects can be lessened by several kinds of regular exercise. Previous research has shown that frequent physical activity blunts the genetic effects on obesity, but these studies focused only on BMI. The new study also considers four other measures of obesity that are more closely linked to metabolic problems. As obesity continues to be a serious public health challenge, the benefits of exercise cannot be overstated.

總體而言，研究提出，當(dāng)涉及肥胖時(shí)，遺傳并非注定不可避免。若干定期運(yùn)動(dòng)可以控制體重。此前的研究已經(jīng)表明，經(jīng)常性的身體運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)減弱遺傳對肥胖的影響，但這些研究都把重點(diǎn)放在BMI。新研究也考慮了肥胖的其他四項(xiàng)指標(biāo)，這四項(xiàng)指標(biāo)與新陳代謝方面的問題聯(lián)系更緊密。隨著肥胖繼續(xù)嚴(yán)重威脅大眾健康，運(yùn)動(dòng)的益處不能被過于夸大。

blunt：使減弱；使降低效應(yīng)

文章來源：科學(xué)日報(bào)   編輯：Susan