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The world's most powerful passports for 2021

2021年全球最有影響力的護(hù)照

The global gap in travel freedoms has never been wider, says the latest report by London-based global citizenship and residence advisory firm Henley & Partners.

位于倫敦的全球公民權(quán)利和居住地咨詢公司Henley & Partners的最新報(bào)告稱，全球在旅行自由方面的差距從未如此之大。

The firm's Henley Passport Index, based on exclusive data provided by the International Air Transport Association (IATA), has been regularly monitoring the world's most travel-friendly passports since 2006.

從2006年開始，公司推出的Henley 護(hù)照指數(shù)，以國際航空運(yùn)輸協(xié)會(huì)所提供的獨(dú)家數(shù)據(jù)為依據(jù)，定期觀察全球最適合旅行的護(hù)照。

It says that increasing travel barriers that have been introduced over the past 18 months of the Covid pandemic have resulted in the widest global mobility gap in the index's 16-year history.

根據(jù)該指數(shù)，在過去受新冠疫情影響的18個(gè)月，不斷增加的旅行門檻使指數(shù)首次呈現(xiàn)出16年以來最大的全球流動(dòng)差距。

The index doesn't take temporary restrictions into account, so leaving actual current travel access aside, holders of the passports at the top of its ranking -- Japan and Singapore -- are able, in theory, to travel visa-free to 192 destinations.

指數(shù)并未將臨時(shí)的限制考慮在內(nèi)，因此撇開當(dāng)前實(shí)際的旅行訪問權(quán)不談，護(hù)照排名第一的-日本和新加坡護(hù)照的持有者，理論上可以免簽證前往193個(gè)目的地。

That's 166 more destinations than Afghan nationals, who sit at the bottom of the index of 199 passports, and can access just 26 countries without requiring a visa in advance.

這比阿富汗人多出166個(gè)目的地。阿富汗護(hù)照排在199個(gè)護(hù)照的最后，持有阿富汗護(hù)照只可以免簽證前往26個(gè)國家。

Europe dominates

歐洲占據(jù)主導(dǎo)

Further down the top 10, the rankings remains virtually unchanged as we enter the final quarter of 2021. South Korea is tied with Germany in second place (with a score of 190) and Finland, Italy, Luxembourg, Spain are all together in third place (with a score of 189).

隨著我們進(jìn)入2021年的最后一個(gè)季度，前10名的排名幾乎沒有變化。韓國和德國并列第二（分?jǐn)?shù)為190），芬蘭、意大利、盧森堡和西班牙都排在第三（分?jǐn)?shù)為189）。

EU countries dominate the top of the list as usual, with Austria and Denmark in fourth place and France, Ireland, Netherlands, Portugal, Sweden in fifth place.

歐洲國家和往常一樣占據(jù)名單的前列，奧地利、丹麥排第四，法國、愛爾蘭、荷蘭、葡萄牙和瑞典并列第五。

New Zealand, which announced this week that it was moving away from its Covid-19 elimination strategy in favor of a vaccine certificate system, is in sixth place alongside Belgium and Switzerland.

本周宣布其將放棄新冠消除戰(zhàn)略并轉(zhuǎn)向疫苗認(rèn)證體系的新西蘭與巴西和瑞典排在第六位。

The United States and the United Kingdom, which held the top spot together back in 2014, are now more modestly placed in the rankings. They are at No. 7, alongside the Czech Republic, Greece, Malta and Norway, with visa-free or visa-on-demand access to 185 destinations.

在2014年并列第一的美國和英國目前排名中等，與捷克共和國、希臘、馬耳他和挪威并列第七，可以免簽證或按需提供簽證訪問185個(gè)目的地。

Australia and Canada are in eighth place, Hungary is ninth, and Lithuania, Poland and Slovakia have together broken into the No.10 spot, with a score of 182.

奧地利和加拿大排在第8，匈牙利第9，立陶宛、波蘭和斯洛伐克沖入前十，以182分排在第十位。

'Growing inequalities'

‘逐漸增加的不平等’

The Henley & Partners report points to "growing inequalities" and makes the suggestion that "restrictive policies initially introduced to contain the spread of Covid-19 are now being conveniently applied to contain mobility from the global south."

Henley&Partners的報(bào)告指出了“逐漸增加的不平等”并建議“最初用來遏制新冠疫情傳播的限制政策”現(xiàn)在正在被直接用于遏制來自地球南部的流動(dòng)。

Mehari Taddele Maru, a fellow at the United Nations University Institute on Comparative Regional Integration Studies, comments in the report that, "The global north has been enforcing aggressive migration containment strategies for some time now through the rigid application of border controls, undermining the movement of persons in various ways.

聯(lián)合國大學(xué)比較區(qū)域一體化研究研究所的研究員Mehari Teddele Maru在報(bào)告中評(píng)論說：“一段時(shí)間以來，地球北部國家通過嚴(yán)格的邊界管控來采取激進(jìn)的遷移遏制政策，這樣的舉措從各個(gè)方面破壞了人的流動(dòng)。”

"Covid-19-associated travel restrictions are new additions to the toolbox of migration containment instruments employed by the global north to curb mobility from the global south."

“與新冠疫情相關(guān)的旅行限制成為遷移遏制政策辦法中的一個(gè)新選項(xiàng)。這些辦法被地球北部國家用來遏制來自南部的流動(dòng)?！?/p>

Christian H. Kaelin, chair of Henley & Partners and creator of the passport index concept, says that these decisions could have far-reaching consequences.

Henley&Partners的董事會(huì)主席兼護(hù)照指數(shù)概念創(chuàng)始人Christian H. Kaelin表示，這些決策可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響。

"If we want to restart the global economy, it is critical that developed nations encourage inward migration flows, as opposed to persisting with outmoded restrictions," he says. "Resourceful countries need to futureproof their economies by attracting and welcoming the upcoming generation."

他表示：“如果我們想要重新啟動(dòng)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)，發(fā)達(dá)國家要鼓勵(lì)向內(nèi)的遷移流動(dòng)，而不是堅(jiān)持采用過時(shí)的限制，這一點(diǎn)很重要。資源豐富的國家需要通過吸引和歡迎未來的一代以使經(jīng)濟(jì)能夠順應(yīng)時(shí)代的要求?！?/p>

The best passports to hold in 2021 are:

2021年最佳的護(hù)照有：

1.Japan, Singapore (192 destinations)

2.日本、新加坡（192個(gè)目的地）

3.Germany, South Korea (190)

4.德國、韓國（190）

3.Finland, Italy, Luxembourg, Spain (189)

4.芬蘭、意大利、盧森堡、西班牙（189）

5.Austria, Denmark (188)

6.奧地利、丹麥（188）

5.France, Ireland, Netherlands, Portugal, Sweden (187)

6.法國、愛爾蘭、荷蘭、葡萄牙、瑞典（187）

7.Belgium, New Zealand, Switzerland (186)

8.比利時(shí)、新西蘭、瑞典（186）

7.Czech Republic, Greece, Malta, Norway, United Kingdom, United States (185)

8.捷克共和國、希臘、馬耳他、挪威、英國、美國（185）

9.Australia, Canada (184)

10.奧地利、加拿大（184）

9.Hungary (183)

10.匈牙利（183）

11.Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia (182)

12.立陶宛、波蘭、斯洛伐克（182）

The worst passports to hold

免簽?zāi)康牡刈钌俚淖o(hù)照

Several countries around the world have visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to fewer than 40 countries. These include:

全世界有幾個(gè)國家對(duì)不到40個(gè)國家實(shí)行免簽或落地簽證。這些國家包括：

109.North Korea (39 destinations)

110.朝鮮（39個(gè)目的地）

111.Nepal and Palestinian territories (37)

112.尼泊爾和巴勒斯坦領(lǐng)土（37）

111.Somalia (34)

112.索馬里（34）

113.Yemen (33)

114.也門（33）

113.Pakistan (31)

114.巴基斯坦（31）

115.Syria (29)

116.敘利亞（29）

115.Iraq (28)

116.伊拉克（28）

117.Afghanistan (26)

118.阿富汗（26）

來源：CNN   編輯&整理：譯銳翻譯Susan