黄色一级a毛片-日韩欧美在线免费观看-亚洲天堂影音先锋-性欧美大战久久久久久久83-ww欧美-一区福利-97高清国语自产拍-人人看人人爽-天堂网一区-久久水蜜桃-久久久久久黄-男人j进入女人j内部免费网站-波多野结衣精品在线-99热这里精品-99精品网-日韩在线网

Royal wills are never made public. That means what happens to much of the Queen's personal wealth following her death last week will remain a family secret.

王室遺囑永遠都不會對外公布。這意味著女王伊麗莎白二世的個人財富如何分配將成為王室家族里的秘密。

Forbes estimated last year that the late monarch's personal fortune was worth $500 million, made up of her jewels, art collection, investments and two residences, Balmoral Castle in Scotland and Sandringham House in Norfolk. The Queen inherited both properties from her father, King George VI.

《福布斯》去年估計，女王伊麗莎白二世的個人財富達5億美元。這些財富包括女王的珠寶、藝術收藏品、各種投資和2處住宅（一處是位于蘇格蘭的巴爾莫勒爾堡，一處是位于諾?？说纳５铝譂h姆別墅）。女王從自己的父親，也就是國王喬治六世那里繼承了這兩處不動產。

"[Royal wills] are hidden, so we have no idea actually what's in them and what that's worth, and that's never ever made public," said Laura Clancy, a lecturer in media at Lancaster University and author of a book on royal finances.

蘭卡斯特大學的媒體講師Laura Clancy（其同時也是一本有關王室財富的書籍的作者）表示：“[王室的遺囑]都是保密的，因為我們實際上并不清楚這些遺囑的內容是什么，遺囑中涉及多少財富，這些是永遠都不會公布的?！?/p>

But the vast bulk of the Royal family's wealth — totaling at least ￡18 billion ($21 billion) in land, property and investments — now passes along a well-trodden, centuries-old path to the new monarch, King Charles, and his heir.

但是，王室家族在土地、不動產和投資方面的絕大部分財富-總價值至少180億英鎊（210億美元）在經過數百年后，現在傳給了新的君主-查爾斯國王和他的繼承人手中。

The line of succession makes Prince William, now the first in line to the British throne, a much wealthier man.

繼承關系使威廉王子，現在是英國王位的第一順位繼承人成為了一個更加富有的人。

The future king inherits the private Duchy of Cornwall estate from his father. The duchy owns a sprawling portfolio of land and property covering almost 140,000 acres, most of it in southwest England.

未來的國王將從自己的父親那里繼承私有的康沃爾公國領地。康沃爾公國領地擁有龐大的土地和不動產，占地將近14萬畝，領地的絕大部分都位于英格蘭的西南部。

Created in 1337 by King Edward III, the estate is worth around ￡1 billion ($1.2 billion), according to its accounts for the last financial year.

Revenue from the estate is "used to fund the public, private and charitable activities," of the Duke of Cornwall, its website says. That title is now held by Prince William.

根據其上一財政年度的會計報告，這一由國王愛德華三世于1337年所創建的領地價值大約10億英鎊（12億美元）。根據康沃爾網站的介紹，康沃爾公爵從領地所獲得的收入均用于資助公共、私人和慈善事業。目前，康沃爾公爵這一稱號由威廉王子持有。

By far the biggest slice of the family's fortune, the ￡16.5 billion ($19 billion) Crown Estate, now belongs to King Charles as reigning monarch. But under an arrangement dating back to 1760, the monarch hands over all profits from the estate to the government in return for a slice, called the Sovereign Grant.

迄今為止，皇家財富中占比最大的一部分財富就是價值165億英鎊（190億美元）的王室產業（Crown Estate）。這部分王室產業目前屬于執政君主查爾斯國王。但是，根據可以追溯至1760年的一項約定，君主要將產業的全部收益交給政府以換取一小部分收益，也就是王室津貼。

Crown Estate：王室產業，即英國的公有財產

Sovereign Grant：王室津貼

The estate includes vast swathes of central London property and the seabed around England, Wales and Northern Ireland. It has the status of a corporation and is managed by a chief executive and commissioners — or non-executive directors — appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister.

這項產業包括大片的倫敦中心城區的不動產和英格蘭、威爾士以及北愛爾蘭周圍的海床。這項產業目前采取公司形式并由一位行政長官和數位專員--或者非行政董事來管理。管理人員由首相推薦并由君王任命。

In the last financial year, it generated net profit of almost ￡313 million ($361 million). From that, the UK Treasury paid the Queen a Sovereign Grant of ￡86 million ($100 million). That's equivalent to ￡1.29 ($1.50) per person in the United Kingdom.

在上一個財政年度，這項產業的凈利潤達到將近3.13億英鎊（3.61億美元）。從這筆利潤中，英國財政部向女王支付王室津貼，也就是8600萬英鎊（1億美元）。這相當于每位英國人支付1.29英鎊（1.5美元）。

Most of this money is spent on maintaining the Royal family's properties and paying their staff.

這筆津貼中的大部分錢都用來維護王室家族的產業和支付員工工資。

The Sovereign Grant is usually equivalent to 15% of the estate's profits. But, in 2017, the payment was bumped up to 25% for the next decade to help pay for refurbishments to Buckingham Palace.

王室津貼通常為王室產業收益的15%。但是，從2017年開始，這一比例在隨后十年間變成了25%，比例增加的原因是為了翻新白金漢宮。

King Charles also inherits the Duchy of Lancaster, a private estate dating back to 1265, which was valued at about ￡653 million ($764 million) according to its most recent accounts. Income from its investments cover official costs not met by the Sovereign Grant, and helps support other Royal family members.

查爾斯國王還繼承了蘭開斯特公爵領地（Duchy of Lancaster），這項私人領地可以追溯至1265年。根據最新的財務報表，這一地產價值大約6.53億英鎊（7.64億美元）。投資所產生的收入用來支付王室津貼無法覆蓋的官方費用并為其他王室成員提供資金支持。

Restrictions apply

限制 

Despite the vast sums, the monarch and his heir are restricted in how much they can personally benefit from their fortunes.

盡管財富數額巨大，君主和繼承人在個人享用財富方面都受到限制。

The King can only spend the Sovereign Grant on royal duties. And neither he nor his heir are allowed to benefit from the sale of assets in their duchies. Any profit from disposals are reinvested back into the estate, according an explainer published by the Institute for Government's (IfG).

The UK Treasury must also approve all large property transactions, the IfG said.

王室津貼只能用于王室事務。國王和繼承人不得從出售領地上的資產中獲利。根據政府研究所（IfG）發布的一份解釋說明，任何財產出售所產生的收益都需要重新用于領地。IfG表示，所有大型地產交易都必須由英國財政部批準。

Still, unlike the Sovereign Grant generated by the Crown Estate, both duchies are private sources of wealth, meaning their owners are not required to give any details beyond reporting their income, the IFG said.

但是，和王室產業所產生的王室津貼不同，兩個領地都屬于王室的私有財富，這意味著除了匯報收入外，王室無需提供任何其他細節，IFG表示。

Last year, King Charles, then the Duke of Cornwall, paid himself ￡21 million ($25 million) from the Duchy of Cornwall estate.

去年，查爾斯國王，當時的康沃爾公爵從康沃爾公爵領地的收入中為自己領取了2100萬英鎊（2500萬美元）。

Neither Prince William nor King Charles are obliged to pay any form of tax on their estates, though both duchies have voluntarily paid income tax since 1993, according to the IfG.

無論是威廉王子，還是查爾斯國王都沒有義務為他們的領地支付任何形式的稅費，但是，從1993年開始，兩個領地都自愿支付收入所得稅。

"Of course, voluntary income tax [is] not a fixed rate, and they don't have to declare how much income they're making their tax on. So actually it's just like plucking a figure out of thin air," Clancy said.

“當然，自愿收入所得稅并非固定稅率，而他們無需申報自己的納稅收入。這實際上就相當于憑空給出一個數字，”Clancy表示。

原文來源：美國有線新聞網

編輯：上海譯銳翻譯