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A new way of diagnosing and treating disease -- without cutting skin

一種無需切割皮膚的疾病診斷和治療新方法

譯銳翻譯   2019-5-29            9:36

? ivanovevgeniy 

Researchers develop new laser microscope that could be 'revolutionary' for treatment of diseases such as skin cancer

研究人員所研發的激光顯微鏡技術對于皮膚癌等疾病的治療可能具有革命性的意義

University of British Columbia researchers have developed a specialized microscope that has the potential ability to both diagnose diseases that include skin cancer and perform incredibly precise surgery -- all without cutting skin.

英國哥倫比亞大學的研究人員研發出一種專用顯微鏡。這種顯微鏡可以在無需切割皮膚的情況下診斷包括皮膚癌在內的疾病并進行異常精確的外科手術。

The researchers describe the technology in a study published today in Science Advances.

在今日發表于“Science Advances”的一篇研究報告中，研究人員介紹了該技術。

"Our technology allows us to scan tissue quickly, and when we see a suspicious or abnormal cell structure, we can perform ultra-precise surgery and selectively treat the unwanted or diseased structure within the tissue -- without cutting into the skin," said Yimei Huang, co-lead author of the study and a former postdoctoral fellow at the department of dermatology and skin science at UBC and BC Cancer.

英屬哥倫比亞大學和BC Cancer皮膚病學與皮膚科學系的前博士后及本研究的并列第一作者Yimei Huang表示：“通過這一技術，我們可以快速掃描組織。當發現可疑或不正常的細胞結構時，我們可以在不切割皮膚的前提下，采取超精確的外科手術并有選擇性地在組織內治療那些我們不希望出現或有問題的結構。”

Huang co-led the study with Zhenguo Wu, a UBC PhD student.

黃和Zhenguo Wu--英屬哥倫比亞大學的博士生共同負責這項研究。

The device is a specialized type of multiphoton excitation microscope that allows imaging of living tissue up to about one millimeter in depth using an ultrafast infrared laser beam. What sets the researchers' microscope apart from previous technology is that it's capable of not only digitally scanning living tissue, but also treating the tissue by intensifying the heat produced by the laser.

該設備是一種專門的多光子激發類顯微鏡。該顯微鏡通過利用超速紅外激光波對大約深度在1毫米的活體組織進行成像。研究人員的顯微鏡與之前技術的區別在于，該顯微鏡不僅可以數字化掃描活體組織，還可以通過增強激光所產生的熱能來治療組織。

When applied to treating diseases of the skin, the microscope allows medical professionals to pinpoint the exact location of the abnormality, diagnose it and treat it instantly. It could be used to treat any structure of the body that is reached by light and that requires extremely precise treatment, including nerves or blood vessels in the skin, eye, brain or other vital structures.

當應用于治療皮膚疾病時，顯微鏡可以讓醫學人員對異常細胞的準確位置進行精確定位，對其進行診斷并立刻進行治療。該技術可以用于治療身體中任何光可以到達以及需要非常精確治療的部位，比如神經、皮膚、眼部、大腦或其他重要結構中的血管。

"We can alter the pathway of blood vessels without impacting any of the surrounding vessels or tissues," said study co-author Harvey Lui, professor at the department of dermatology and skin science at UBC and the Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, and a dermatologist at BC Cancer. "For diagnosing and scanning diseases like skin cancer, this could be revolutionary."

Harvey Lui，研究的共同作者，英屬哥倫比亞大學和溫哥華海岸健康研究院皮膚病學和皮膚科學系教授及BC Cancer皮膚科醫生表示：“我們可以在不影響任何周邊血管和組織的前提下改變血管的路徑。對于皮膚癌這類疾病的診斷和掃描，這一技術可能具有革命性。”

The researchers wanted to make multiphoton microscope technology more versatile while also increasing its precision.

研究人員希望在增加多光子顯微鏡技術精確性的同時，使其用途更加廣泛。

"We wanted to be able to identify what was happening under the skin from many different angles and to have the capability of imaging different body sites," said senior author Haishan Zeng, professor of dermatology, pathology and physics at UBC and distinguished scientist with BC Cancer.

英屬哥倫比亞大學皮膚科學、病理學和物理學教授，BC Cancer知名科學家、本研究的高級作者Zeng Haishan表示：“我們希望能夠從多個不同的角度來發現皮膚下面的情況并且對不同的身體部位進行成像。”

"Once we achieved that, we wondered whether we could transform this diagnostic device into a treatment device by simply turning up the power of the laser."

“一旦我們實現了這一目標，我們就會考慮我們是否能夠通過加大激光的功率，使這一診斷設備轉變為一個治療設備。”

The results were incredibly exciting.

結果非常讓人興奮。

"We are not only the first to achieve fast video-rate imaging that enables clinical applications, but also the first to develop this technology for therapeutic uses," said Zeng.

Zeng表示：“我們不僅是實現快速視頻播放成像并將其應用于臨床的第一人，同時我們也是將這一技術應用于治療的第一人。”

The researchers have partnered with several UBC departments, including mechanical engineering, electrical engineering and ophthalmology, to develop different versions of the technology. Exploration includes research into the development of a miniature version that could be used to perform microscopic examinations and treatment during endoscopy -- a non-surgical procedure used to examine a person's digestive tract using an endoscope, a flexible tube with a light and camera attached to it.

研究人員已與英屬哥倫比亞大學包括機械工程系、電氣工程系以及眼科學系在內的幾個系展開合作，一同在此技術上開發不同類型的技術。研究包括開發可以用來在內窺鏡檢查期間進行顯微檢查和治療的微型技術-一種用內窺鏡（一根帶有光源和攝像頭的靈活管子）來檢查患者消化道的非外科方法。

This work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the National Key Basic Research Program of China, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Canadian Dermatology Foundation, the VGH & UBC Hospital Foundation and the BC Hydro Employees Community Services Fund.

這項研究得到了加拿大健康研究院、中國國家核心基礎研究項目、中國國家自然科學基金會、加拿大皮膚科學科基金會、VGH&UBC醫院基金會以及BC Hydro員工社區服務基金會的支持。

需要了解的詞匯：

Treatment: 治療；

Specialized： 專用的；

Set apart：區別；

Pinpoint：準確地找出〔某物的位置〕

Turn up: 調高、調大

文章來源：科學日報，編輯：質控部Susan