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Last week, Team USA’s Nathan Chen nabbed Olympic gold after his free skate routine, performed to a medley of Elton John songs from the 2019 biopic Rocketman. The win prompted a congratulations tweet from the Rocket Man himself, which, judging by the fact that it didn’t mention any copyright infringement, seems to suggest that the proper music licensing protocol had been followed.

上周，美國(guó)隊(duì)的Nathan Chen獲得了自由滑的冠軍，他進(jìn)行表演的伴奏曲目為Elton Johns在2019年的傳記片《火箭人》中所演唱的歌曲。“火箭人”親自發(fā)推向Nathan Chen表示祝賀。通過(guò)所發(fā)布的推文，其并沒(méi)有提及任何侵權(quán)，這似乎意味著雙方都在遵照某種恰當(dāng)?shù)囊魳?lè)許可協(xié)定。

Nab：~ sth獲得；拿取to take or get sth

So, what exactly is that protocol?

那么，這個(gè)協(xié)定到底是種什么協(xié)定呢？

When producers want to include copyrighted songs in filmed programs like TV shows or movies, they have to acquire a synchronization license, or “sync license,” essentially authorizing them to synchronize the music with their own video footage. As The New York Times?reports, sync licensing fees can sometimes be prohibitively expensive if the song is by an Elton John-level superstar.

當(dāng)制作人希望將有版權(quán)的歌曲加到拍攝的節(jié)目中，比如電視節(jié)目或電影中時(shí)，他們需要獲得同步許可（簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)“sync license”），該許可的主要作用是授權(quán)制作人將音樂(lè)和自己的視頻同步在一起。如《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》報(bào)道，如果歌曲是由Elton John這樣的超級(jí)巨星演唱，那么同步許可費(fèi)的價(jià)格有可能會(huì)是天價(jià)。

Prohibitively：價(jià)格高得離譜

Luckily for figure skaters, their Olympic routines are considered live performances, and therefore require a much less costly licensing agreement. Also luckily for figure skaters, they’re pretty far removed from both the paperwork and the payment. Instead, the broadcaster—in this case, NBC—is responsible.

對(duì)于花樣滑冰選手而言，幸運(yùn)的是，他們?cè)趭W運(yùn)比賽中的表演屬于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)演出，因此，其所需要的許可協(xié)定的價(jià)格也會(huì)低得多。另外一個(gè)幸運(yùn)的點(diǎn)是，花樣滑冰運(yùn)動(dòng)員與所有的文書(shū)和付款基本都沒(méi)什么關(guān)系。相反，在該情況下，廣播公司NBC需要負(fù)責(zé)文書(shū)和付款方面的事宜。

As IPWatchdog explains, many musicians and music publishers outsource licensing power for their entire catalogs to public rights organizations (PROs) like Broadcasting Music Inc. (BMI) and the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP). TV networks, performance venues, and other music-playing establishments can then buy a blanket license that grants them public performance rights to every song under the PRO’s purview. Blanket license fees aren’t one-size-fits-all; they depend on everything from audience size to frequency, and licensees are often expected to track their music use so the PROs can determine artist royalties.

如IPwatchdog所解釋的，許多音樂(lè)人和詞曲版權(quán)管理公司會(huì)將整個(gè)內(nèi)容的許可權(quán)外包給公共權(quán)力組織（PROS），如廣播音樂(lè)公司（BMI）、美國(guó)作曲家、作者和出版公司協(xié)會(huì)（ASCAP）。電視網(wǎng)絡(luò)、表演場(chǎng)所以及其他播放音樂(lè)的公司可以購(gòu)買(mǎi)一個(gè)總許可。有了這個(gè)總許可，就可以獲得PRO權(quán)限范圍內(nèi)的每首歌曲的公共播放權(quán)。總許可費(fèi)用并非是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)收費(fèi)；它們具體取決于觀眾的人數(shù)、播放頻次。而被許可方還需要經(jīng)常跟蹤音樂(lè)的使用情況，以便PRO來(lái)決定藝人的版權(quán)費(fèi)。

Music Publisher：詞曲版權(quán)管理公司

Purview：權(quán)限

Blanket license：總許可

But the bottom line is this: If you’re skating to “Run the World (Girls)” during your Olympic program—which France’s Maé-Bérénice Méité did at the 2018 PyeongChang Games—rest assured that NBC has taken care of making sure Beyoncé gets her check.

原文來(lái)源：Mental Floss

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